Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is a federal civil rights law that protects individuals with disabilities from discrimination. In schools, it guarantees that students with physical or mental health conditions that substantially limit one or more major life activities have equal access to educational opportunities, programs, services, and activities.
Students with a diagnosed medical condition that qualifies as a disability may be eligible for support under Section 504. When a student’s condition limits a significant life activity—such as learning, walking, concentrating, or breathing—the school must provide accommodations that "level the playing field" and enable the student to access school similarly to their peers.
Some students might qualify for Section 504 protections but do not need a formal written 504 Plan. For example, if a student is progressing in school without accommodations or modifications, they are still protected from discrimination under the law.
Section 504 is focused on access. It ensures students are not excluded, denied benefits, or otherwise subjected to discrimination solely because of their disability.